Setting up a comfortable user friendly shell environment - Ernest G. Wilson II's FreeBSD Pages

Shell & Environment Settings on FreeBSD 7

Prerequisites:	FreeBSD (Base) Bash Shell
Overview: Having the correct path and environment variables at the command line

Setting up a comfortable user friendly shell environment

# Download (Notes: Users behind a Proxy Server should read this and users without Internet but have a CDRom read this.)

# Log in as root to make these changes

# Setting up an "/opt" directory
# ATTENTION: I install major applications into /opt (Just like Windows has "C:\Program Files" I use "/opt" in FreeBSD)
# Note: No need to do a separate dedicated partition for /opt since we can "symlink" it to /usr/opt
# You should only need to do this once and only if you don't already have a /opt directory
ln -sv /usr/opt /opt
cd /usr
mkdir opt
chmod -R 755 /opt
chmod -R 755 /usr/opt
# Test it out, these commands should now take you to the same place since /opt is symbolically linked to /usr/opt now
cd /opt
cd /usr/opt

# Setting up a "/opt/scripts" directory as a central locations for shared scripts
cd /opt
mkdir scripts
chmod a+r /opt/scripts
chmod a+x /opt/scripts
cd /opt/scripts
pwd

# An "auto export DISPLAY" script to make remote X11 apps via SSH easy!
# Change to the scripts directory
cd /opt/scripts
# Edit / create a new script
vi setdisplay.sh
#!/bin/sh # # Simple export DISPLAY script designed to be run by your .profile # # Add these two lines to the bottom of your .profile # DISPLAY=`/PathToThisScript/setdisplay.sh` # export DISPLAY # # You can test / see the output by running the script normally # Don't forget to make this script executable by chmod +x setdisplay.sh # # Created by: Ernest G. Wilson II # ErnestGWilsonII@gmail.com # Old Way # CURRENTSESSION=$(who -m | sed s/$//g | sed s/\\\.$// | sed s/\)//g | awk '{print $6":0.0"}') # DISPLAY=$CURRENTSESSION # echo $DISPLAY # New Way # CURRENTLY=$(whoami) # CURRENTSESSION=$(sockstat -c | grep $CURRENTLY | grep sshd | awk '{print $7}' | sed s/:/" "/g | awk '{print $1":0.0"}') # DISPLAY=$CURRENTSESSION # echo $DISPLAY # New New Way echo $SSH_CLIENT | awk '{print $1":0.0"}' exit 0
# Set the script executable
chmod a+x /opt/scripts/setdisplay.sh
# Check the output
/opt/scripts/setdisplay.sh
# You should see something like IPAddress:0.0 or Hostname:0.0
# This script is designed to work inside the .profile in the next section
# The sole purpose is to automate the environment variable of:
# export DISPLAY=xyz:0.0
# as seen in step #4 in an example here

# Setting up your ".profile" to customize your bash shell environment
# Change to root's home directory
cd /root
# Edit your .profile (you can replace the generic default with this new stuff)
vi .profile
# Set your path PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/opt/apache/bin:/opt/mysql/bin:/opt/net-snmp/bin:/opt/scripts:./ export PATH # Set some basic UNIX options BLOCKSIZE=K; export BLOCKSIZE EDITOR=vi; export EDITOR PAGER=more; export PAGER # set ENV to a file invoked each time sh is started for interactive use. ENV=$HOME/.shrc; export ENV # Set FreeTDS and Sybase (MS SQL) Variables SYBASE=/usr/local/ export SYBASE LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:/opt/net-snmp/lib/:/opt/mysql/lib/mysql/ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH # Set SNMP MIB Environment MIBDIRS=/opt/net-snmp/share/snmp/mibs export MIBDIRS # Set a proxy server if your network uses one uncomment the next two lines # http_proxy=http://ProxyServer.mydomain.com:8080 # export http_proxy # Set some quick keystroke aliases alias ll='ls -alF' alias l='ls -alF' alias x='xterm +dc -j -lc -pc -bcf 250 -bcn 250 +ai +cm -cr green -bg black -fg yellow +si +ah -bc -title "FreeBSD Xterm - Host: $HOSTNAME - User: $USER" -geometry 132x50 +lc &' # Set your display to "auto export" using a handy script! DISPLAY=`/opt/scripts/setdisplay.sh` export DISPLAY
# Note: Each user account should fix up their unique .profile in their home directory
# vi /usr/share/skel/dot.profile

# Setting up "/etc/motd" for a custom "message of the day"
vi /etc/motd
############################################################################## # FreeBSD UNIX 6.2 # # Network Management Station # # - Apache - The UNIX web server platform # # - MySQL - An open source SQL database and web based management # # - Perl with Modules - Scripting language with modules # # - FreeTDS - UNIX (via Perl) to talk to Microsoft and Sybase SQL Servers # # - Net-SNMP - SNMP Trap Receiver logging service + SNMP tool set # # - PHP - Scripting language preferred by many web based applications # # - phpMyAdmin - Web based MySQL Administration # # - RRDtool - Logging and Graphing # # - Cacti - Network graphing solution using the power of RRDtool # # - TFTPD - TFTP Server # # - DHCPD - DHCP Server # # - ntop - Network application monitoring and NetFlow tool # # - Nessus - Network Vulnerability Scanner # # - Snort with ACID / BASE: - Intrusion Detection System # # - Syslog-NG - Syslog logging service with database support # # - Samba - Allows UNIX machines to talk with "Windows" based machines # ##############################################################################
# Make sure everyone can motd
chmod a+r /etc/motd
touch /etc/COPYRIGHT

# Setting up "/etc/ssh/banner" for a custom "message of the day"
# Add a line to the bottom of your sshd_config
vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
Banner /etc/ssh/banner
# Edit / create the banner
vi /etc/ssh/banner
\\|// (o o) -----oOO---(_)------------ *************************************************************** * WARNING: This is a controlled access system with login * * restricted to those with proper authorization. Authorized * * parties are limited to those functions which have been * * assigned to perform work related duties. Any unauthorized * * access attempt will be investigated and prosecuted to the * * full extent of the law. You have no expectation of privacy * * in its use and to ensure that the system is functioning * * properly, individuals using this computer system are * * subject to having all their activities monitored and * * recorded by system personnel. Use of this system * * evidences an express consent to such monitoring and * * agreement that if such monitoring reveals evidence of * * possible abuse or criminal activity, system personnel may * * provide the results of such monitoring to appropriate * * officials. * * If you are not an authorized user, disconnect now. * *************************************************************** ------------------oOO----- |__| |__| | | | |
# Make sure everyone can read the banner
chmod a+r /etc/ssh/banner
# You will need to restart sshd or simply reboot for these changes to take effect